Frequency sensitivity analysis of dynamic demand response in wind farm integrated power system

Abstract

Demand response (DR) has emerged as a very important part of the future smart grid to enhance the power system reliability and frequency stability. This study presents the benefits of DR control and battery energy storage (BES) on frequency regulation in wind farm integrated power system. In this study, a generalised load frequency control model of a hybrid hierarchical DR control mechanism is developed by incorporating the inherent system parameters such as frequency dead-band, aggregated generations/devices and communication time delay and so on. The mathematical formulation for frequency stability and sensitivity analysis are carried out with respect to the frequency change coefficient for switching OFF the DR devices and frequency regulation service shared by conventional supplementary control, DR and BES. The extensive simulation results are presented for system frequency response (SFR) to support the theoretical analysis. It is found that DR has a significant effect to stabilise SFR. The observations drawn from analysis can be helpful for system operators/regional transmission organisation to investigate or plan for deciding the frequency threshold, minimum turn OFF time for individual DR devices, frequency coefficient factor and percentage share of frequency regulation services to restore the frequency quickly. � 2019 Institution of Engineering and Technology. All Rights Reserved.