Impact of elevated temperature and CO2 on productivity of peanut in eastern India

Abstract

Temperature and CO2 are the two important climate parameters that affect crop yield. In this study, the impact of these two parameters on the productivity of peanut under the sub-humid and sub-tropical condition of Eastern India was assessed using experimental data and the CROPGRO-Peanut v4.5 model. Experimental results of peanut grown during summer 2013 with 3 sowing dates (14th January, 29th January and 14th February) were used as the baseline to assess the effect of different Climate Change scenarios. The CO2 concentrations used in the model, as projected by IPCC, were 390, 420, 530, and 650 ppm for the years 2013 (baseline), 2020, 2050 and 2080, respectively. However, on the basis of previous studies, simulation runs were made using the model for temperature rise of 0.5-1, 2�C for 2020, 0.88-3.16�C for 2050, and 1.56-5.44�C for 2080. Simulation results revealed reduction in grain yield by 9.04%, 30.97% and 52.24% in response to rise in temperature by 0.5-1.2�, 0.88-3.16�and 1.56-5.44�C, respectively for the 14th January sowing. Yield reduction was also observed with the shifting of sowing date beyond 14th January. The yield reduction was 15.45%, 45.37% and 45.78%, respectively for 29th January; and 28.16%, 38.30%, 44.46%, respectively for 14th February with the rise in mean temperature. The simulated grain yield was noted to increase by 6.30%, 24.52% and 36.29% during 2020, 2050 and 2080, respectively over that of 2013, with the increased atmospheric CO2 concentration of 420, 530, and 650 ppm against the baseline concentration of 390 ppm.